Climbing to Gn. Semeru » 1. PROCESS Licensing climbing
Unlike the other tourism activities which pengnjung can go directly to tourism dituju, then climb to the prospective climber must first take care licensing office in TN. Bromo Tengger Semeru Management Section office through TN Wilyah II (SPTN II) at Overlapping with the telephone number (0341) 787972 for the climber from the entrance of Malang, office and Resort Management Area TN Ranupani when climber from the entrance Lumajang. Licensing can be done at will without having to climb a booking first. Obligations of the license is intended to facilitate monitoring and supervision of traffic and climbing parties anticipate the organization / family at the time of going natural. Requirements that must be completed by prospective climber as follows: – Copy of identity as much as 2 duplex for each candidate climber – All the Bios pursuivant: Full name, age, address and the telephone number of the family who can be contacted each. – Paying a ticket entry, insurance, and climbing permit per person / climber of Rp. 7000, – (for the public, with details of ticket entrance Rp. 2500, -, Rp climbing permit. 2500, -, and insurance Rp. 2000, -), Rp. 5750, – (for students, with details of ticket entrance Rp. 1250, -, Rp climbing permit. 2500, -, and insurance Rp. 2000, -) and Rp 24,500 (for a foreign citizen to enter the details of ticket Rp. 20.000, -, Rp climbing permit. 2500, -, and insurance Rp. 2000, -). When a private vehicle will be subject to additional cost of Rp 3.000 per more sepede motor, and Rp 6,000 per car. For those who ride public / charter cost of the ticket the vehicle by the driver of each vehicle. – Climbing group made / beregu, at least 3 (three) people. If you want to climb the officers alone will not provide permission to do the climbing. – Bringing climbing equipment such as tents, food provision, P3K, and other needed to do during the ascent. Do not forget to bring plastic bags for waste brought down again.
2. Code of climbing Gn. Semeru To all the candidates who will make the climber climbing is required to obey the order as follows: – After you get the climbing permit and complete the climb in the administration office SPTN II, prospective climber is expected to report to the officer in self Post Ranupani for re-registration (no charge again) fill the guest book with the name (the head of the group, address, number of cohort, number of permit, the date up and down according to the date of the license), fill the form the list of goods carried. – For the prospective climber who has never been to climb to Gn. Semeru is recommended to accompanied by a guide, or bergambung with other groups who have been climbing to do Gn. Semeru. – Walk in groups, do not separate themselves from the entourage, and crop prohibited compass or create your own path. Follow the path that has been set. – The candidates are prohibited from carrying weapons climber sajam a big knife, hatchet, and the like, but is allowed to bring knives or folding knives for kitchen cooking equipment. – Do not drink and take drugs during the climb to make Gn. Semeru. – Do not bring pets and equipment hurry. – When at the top near the crater is prohibited Mahameru jonggring saloka that is still active because of the dangerous sulfur gas and bursts of hot ash and other material. – Do not make noise, make a fire which can cause forest fires, the trash and municipal waste pollution. When leaving the site or down, make sure there is no longer the fire is still alive, and still into the trash. Take your garbage back down. – Ask for directions to the officers and descriptions of the tabu-tabu if any, and condition of the last ascent route. Do not impose themselves physically and mentally if not ready. Do not impose themselves. – After going down and arrived in the post Ranupani, so that self-reported to the officers and fill the guest book again to make sure that you and your entourage has been really down, and the waste carried.
Announcements
3. Route TRAVEL TO Gn. Semeru
Route to travel through the Gn semeru can Kab. Lumajang and Malang, for more details can be seen on the menu Accesbilitas. However, during this most prospective climber enter through the entrance of the office Overlapping SPTN II (Malang). Climber who use the services of fire kerata, from New Malang City Station rising angkot AMG, ADL (Rp 2,500) down diterminal Arjosari Malang for 15 minutes. From the terminal Arjosari (Malang) climber can ascend angkot white faculty Overlapping-Arjosari (TA) for 45 minutes with a cost of Rp 5,000, – get off at the terminal market overlapping. Overlapping of the market followed the jeep ride / truck single to Ranu Pani for 2 hours with a cost of Rp. 30.000, – per person or charter Rp 400.000, – per vehicle. Prior to Ranu Pani, not far from the terminal overlapping markets, the climber will be taken first by a driver jeep / truck to the single office in Overlapping SPTN II permit for the upgrade and purchase the ticket entrance area with the details as follows:
After reaching at Ranu Pani, the climber is required to report to officials with the show climbing permit and entrance ticket. Here is a checkpoint, there is also cafetaria and lodging. Ranu Pani in the climber will have an explanation-an explanation of the officer before leaving to continue with the journey on foot. Ranu Pani village is the last climb before Gn semeru which is located at an altitude of 2200 m dpl. Here there are 2 lakes namely Lake Ranu Pani (1 Ha), Ranu and Regulo (0.75 Ha). Around the lake can also be used for camping / overnight.
4. TIME climbing
Candidates climber is not at any time be able to climb, this is because sometimes climbing to Gn. Semeru in close for a while in order to restore the ecosystem, and the increase in activity occurred when the Gn. Semeru. When closing a lane while climbing to Gn. Semeru TN parties. Bromo Tengger Semeru will inform you through the menu NEWS. To make a climb to Gn. Semeru, go home take a few days depending on the physical ability of each candidate climber. Should take stock of dilebihkan because we will be camping, be it because of the atmosphere and a very beautiful, or because of exhaustion after climbing the mountain semeru. Ranu Pani’s ascent to the summit should semeru dilakukuan with the following phases:
a. Ranu Pani, Ranu Kumbolo From Ranu Pani at 7:00 WIB to Ranu kumbolo 10 km through the paths that take about 3-4 hours. Climber for the first time might be confused to find climbing routes, for it until after the welcome gate, continue to look to the left towards the hills, do not follow because of the wide street to the gardens of the population. In addition to the usual routes pass through the climber Watu Rejeng, there are also shortcut the normal channels used for local climber, this path is very steep with a cross-Ayek Mount ayek. The beginning of the path will be sloping, the slope of a hill with a vegetation dominated by reed. There is no sign of a road-way, but there are signs on every pole 100m, just follow this sign. There are many fallen trees and branches above the head, so it must often bend the head, a high keril bag is not very comfortable. After walking about 5 km through the hills that flank many ditumbuhi Edelweis, the climber will be up in the Watu Rejeng, is a very steep rock with the beautiful scenery is very beautiful to the valleys and hills, which ditumbuhi pine and fir forest. Sometimes whiff of smoke can be seen from the top semeru. Blocks from Watu Rejeng journey still continues to Ranu Kumbolo. Ranu Kumbolo in the lake there is a very large (12 ha) with a height of 2400 m dpl. Ranu Kumbolo in this there is a climber and MCK hut for cooking and even a break to stay / overnight. Around the lake also can be used for camping. Conditions in the lake water is clear and free from air pollution. At the HUT RI, Ranu Kumbolo also serve as one of the ceremonies of the climber who is not up to the top or because quotas have been exhausted for the summit. Ranu Kumbolo is a place that has a health of the ecosystem and native high plains. Panorama of nature in the morning will be a stunning sun rise from the midst of the hills around the lake reddish color and colors, plus the moisture from the lake as if out of the lake. In the morning can also see the attraction grouse. In this area there are also monument inscription antiquity and is suspected of defection Majapahit Kingdom.
b. Ranu Kumbolo-Kalimati Ranu’s Kumbolo should prepare as much water as possible. Ranu Kumbolo will leave begins climbing steep hills, with a very beautiful over the lake behind. Travel from Ranu Kumbolo to 5 km distance of Kalimati need 2-3 hours of the time. Not far from there ranu Kumbolo pasture, located in the valley Gn. Ayek-ayek called pangonan cilik. Origin of the name because the grass is similar to the cattle penggembalaan (Pangonan). Then in front of the hill lie the broad meadow called oro-oro ombo, extent of 100 ha. Oro-oro ombo surrounded by hills and mountains with a very beautiful, with a broad meadow that slopes ditumbuhi such as pine trees in Europe. Pasture is similar to a bowl with a colorful carpet grass colors, sometimes in some places rain water submerged. Gn’s request. Peak appears Kepolo Gn. Semeru wedus gembel belch smoke. In the south pasture Oro-Oro Ombo there are groups including the Forest Cemoro Kandang cluster in Gn. Kepolo (3095 m dpl) is a forest of pine trees ditumbuhi mountain plants and nail-pakuan. This area is relatively flat topography. Sometimes can be found here deer and birds. After cemoro pen travel continues to grass Jambangan which is located 3200 m dpl, here are some pine, mentigi, and interest edelweis. Relatively flat topography, there is some shade is ideal for health. From this place, clearly visible with Gn. Semeru high tower with a whiff of smoke rise to the sky and lava flows on the entire top of the cliffs that hem in silver. This is where the climber and photographer often unique attractions monumentalize Gn semeru.
Ranu Kumbolo
. Kalimati-Mahameru Kalimati area is the place to prepare for the summit which is often called semeru Mahameru. To continue the journey to the top is recommended early in the morning once at around 2.00-3.00 am. Around the time of the 4-5 hour trip, which continues to climb. Kalimati name comes from the name of a river / time that is not watery. The flow of water only occurs when the rainy season, the flow of lava flow ignites with Gn. Semeru. This area is grassland with scrub vegetation and paving edelweis covering 20 ha, dikelililngi the natural forest and low hills. Kalimati is a camping place before continuing the ascent climber. Here there are facilities wickiup climber, but needs to be taking water from Sumbermani, west / right fringe of the forest with a distance 1 hour to go home. Here there are lots of hills so that when mice we want to build a tent and sleeping should store food in a safe place. To the top of Kalimati travel through Arcopodo. Arcopodo is the place while in transit to the peak before. This area is in the top of the slope Gn. Semeru, which continues with the street Ascending and winding among the cemoro forest land dusty conditions. There are several places this inscription of the climber who died was 12 units as a sign of mourning. This inscription is made by each groupnya. One of the famous inscription is Soe Hok Gie and Idhan Lubis (Mapala UI) who died on 6 December 1969. From the peak of Semeru Arcopodo take 3-4 hours, passing through the sand hills are very steep and easily degenerate. All goods should be carried on living in Arcopodo or in Kalimati. Climbing towards the peak is done once in the morning at around 03.00 am from Arcopodo. Body in the fresh condition, and effective use of water. Travel in the afternoon field that are felt more heavily than last summer will also loose sand when exposed to heat. Cendurung afternoon winds to the north to the summit to bring gas from the crater Jonggring Saloka. The road to heaven that is the expression of the climber who has to climb to semeru. Lava flow from the sand form bongkahan frozen lava that wrap all the cliffs, high-pitched to in mounting the slope of 60-70 even when taken at the bottom of the canyon. In the evenings, this place looks just as if located at the foot of a giant. Physical and mental readiness must be cooked, as well as patience and courage and spirit to reach the highest peak on the island of Java. Peak seen in some of the mountain in eastern Java, the coast lines and the Indian Ocean coast, big cities and the sunrise in the eastern horizon. Scenic river heat zigzag toward the sea to be a very interesting spectacle. At the peak of Mount Semeru (Mahameru) climber is not recommended for the crater Jonggring Saloko, also prohibited from climbing the south side, because of the toxic gas and lava flows. Dipuncak Mahameru temperature range 4 – 10 derajad Celsius, at the peak of the dry season can be a minus, and found the crystal-crystal ice. The weather is often foggy, especially in the afternoon, evening and night. Wind blow faster, in December – January is often a storm. Jonggring saloko crater in eruption occurred every 15-30 minutes. The form of white smoke burst, gray to black with a 300-800 meter high blast.
5. GENERAL CONDITIONS GN. Semeru
a. Location Gunung Api volcano Semeru is the highest in Java (3676 m dpl) and is one of the volcano is still active. Gn. Semeru is one straight in the north-south berarah complex with Gn. Pot and Peg. Tengger. Position location is between the administrative district of Malang Lumajang and geographic position with the LS 806 and 12,055 BT.
b. Form and structure Viewed from a distance Gn Semeru cone shaped like a perfect, but time is in the top of the mountain is shaped strato (cone terpancung) with a wide field furrowed in every tebingnya. That there is a crater in the top of the Gn. Semeru’s crater consists Mahameru already inactive and Jonggring Seloko craters that are still active. Jonggring Seloko crater is located in the southeast Mahameru peak in 1913 and 1946 contain a dome craters. On the south side of this dome pressing down crater edge, which caused the flow of lava to the south area Pasirian and Candipuro (Lumajang). Gn. Semeru is the termuda from Peg. But the pot has grown to become knowledgeable strato-vulkano a separate. Summary vulkanik issued as: blast ash, lava blocks of the old and young lava bombØ Material vulkanik lava mixed with rain water or river waterØ eruption cone, which caused the landslideØ slow growth of the lava and grain several times guguran hot lava.Ø
c. Geology and soil Geology Gn. Semeru volcano is the result kwarter young, with a type of rock: gray sand / tuf and vulkan Intermedia basis until the vulkan and physiographic associations andosol regosol grizzled and gray with ash parent material / sand and tuf intermedian to base. The form of the geological structure of rock that is not dense and strong ties butirannya not so easy tererosi dimusim penghujan. Type of soil is regosol, a combination of land with little development of the profile with solum shallow, thin on the parent material steady.
d. Climate D.1. Heavy rainfall and temperature The general climate of Gn. Semeru based on Schmidt & Ferguson bertipe B. With rainfall between 927 mm-5498 mm per year with the rainy days average 136 days / year. The rainy season falls in November-April. Along the route of travel began Ranu Pani (2200 mdpl) to Puncak Semeru temperature in the range of 2C-8C at night and early morning, whereas during the day ranging between 10C-21C. Sometimes occur in some areas snow rain that occurred during the rainy season, changes to dry season and vice versa. Dinginnya air travel along the route was not caused by the still air, but also because kencangnya wind blow to the valley so that the more cold air.
d.2. Wind and fog Based on the topographic region in general, the pattern formed gust wind patterns that are not stabilized, the wind sehinggai difficult to set / change. The form of the topography be surrounded by high cliffs of 200-500 m can actually enable flow wind speed, but as many cleft / alley ditebing will not bottle up the wind flow with the pace even faster. The form of a topographic basin often causes wind cycle. The wind to blow in this area closely associated with the pattern around the wind, the wind or wind gending southeast, northeast wind northwest wind Eden. Wind speeds ranging between 8-30 knots, which during the gale found many fallen trees. Winds usually blow this month between December-February, so the activities are climbing to semeru closed. On the morning until night, along the travel route is usually foggy. Regional ranu Kumbolo and Kalimati that made the overnight fog always covered at night. Special Ranu Kumbolo in the area, the lake is wide enough to be supporting the formation of fog due to the evaporation of water the lake.
e. Flora and Fauna Flora which is located in the area and the surrounding Gn semeru entry zone in the sub Alpin, who dominated with the type of mountain pine (Casuarina junghuniana), jamuju (Podocarpus sp), mentigi (Vacinium varingifolium), kemlandingan (Albizia lophanta) and acacia (Accasia decurents). For plants under dominated by alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica), kirinyuh (Euphatorium odoratum), tembelekan (Lantana camara), harendong (Melastoma malabathicum) and white Edelwiss (Anaphalis javanica). On the slopes of steep-slope toward the peak semeru surrounding area there are Arcopodo Janis nail-pakuan as Gleichenia volubilis, Gleichnia longisumus and several orchid species endemic semeru. At an altitude of over 3100 m dpl no vegetation at all because the form of rock, sand and ash.
orchid
edelweis white
Fauna that lives around the Gn semeru very limited, both in number and type. Animals found in the vicinity of Gn semeru among several types of birds such as grouse (Anas superciliosa) and Elang, Primate, and mammals, such as the tiger beetle (Panthera pardusi), deer (Muntiacus muntjak), clever individual (Tragulus javanica).
Summary eruption Gn. Semeru Based on the data base of Mount Api Indonesia, eruption history Gn. Semeru start date of 8 November 1818. Since 1967 until now Gn activities. Semeru did not stop, the activities in the central crater Jonggring Seloko yeng located on the South Peak Mahameru. In the normal eruption, a pillar of smoke membumbung the roll with a bomb and ash reached an altitude of 300-600 m above the crater eruption intervals with 10-20 minutes (thus the area where the crater is very dangerous and forbidden to come up to the crater) .
Here are some semeru explosion big enough: Th 1942: dilereng until the eruption on the east elevation between 1400 and 1775 m. bursting point as 6 places. Leleran lava into blocks and fill Semut Post Bantengan irrigation. Lava flow along the 6.5 km.
Th 1961: stromboli eruption types with high ash lk 3000 m above the summit, even thrown up Arcopodo eruption, forest around the headwaters visit and visit Sat Tompe terlewati. Lava flow occurred in the Times Glidik, visit Sat, visit and visit Bang finger bowl.
Th 1963: Month of May occurred cloud and the flow of hot lava over Curah Leng Rong, Kali rod, and Semut visit. Hot clouds reach 8 km from the crater.
Th 1968: lava dome growth continues, lava flood victims to bring 3 people in the Village of wungkil
Th 1977: Month of December going guguran produce lava hot cloud, guguran distance of 10 km in the visit with the volume of sediment Twin 6.4 million m. Some clouds this apanas off to visit finger bowl. Tegal and rice field area of 110 ha was damaged in the village sumberurip, pine forest 450 ha, 2 broken bridges burned, and 2 rumag float chamber.
Th 1978: the eruption occurred with a high smoke reached the maximum 800 m above the crater edge, glide guguran cloud 7 km maximum heat.
Th 1981: In March and April occurred several times with hot clouds glide sliding distance of 10 km maximum. Pile endapannya 6.2 million m, the temperature in summer precipitation clouds near Dukuh supit Middle of 120C.
Th 1990: Month of November and December occurred guguran dome lava and hot clouds, the crater Jonggring Seloko that opens up at this time.
Th 1994: Month of February explosion occurred and the sound boom with rain ash and lava formed guguran cloud cloud panas.aliran guguran heat into the finger bowl visit for 11.5 km to 7.5 km twin-visit, and visit Bang lk 3.5 km . Volume of hot cloud is estimated 6.8 million m. Victims who died pounded hot cloud 7 people and 2 people float by lava.
Th 2002: December explosion occurred several times in the main crater followed by hot clouds guguran.
g. Monitoring Summary Gn. Semeru Monitoring of the activities Gn. Semeru still limited to the visual and seismic monitoring only. Visual observations made with the weather, and high color explosion, detonation and the observation direction guguran. While the seismic observation at this time to install the sensor is done with the seismometer at the two (2) location, which is in the Mountain and visit Leker Bang. Signal caught by the quake 2 seismometer in transmisikan via radio waves to Observation Post Mount Semeru fire which is located on Mount Sawur, and recorded with the recorder earthquake (PS-2). Results observation is reported to the Directorate Vulkanologi and mitigation Bancana Geology in Bandung use SSB (single Side Band). Monitoring using other methods such as deformation, gravity, electricity, and geomagnet conducted only temporary.
h. First climber The first climber to climb this mountain is Clignet (1838) a geologist from the Netherlands berkebangsaan southwest through Widodaren, next Junhuhn (1945) a Dutch botanist berkebangsaan from the north through the mountains Ayet-ayek, mountain-Inder and Inder Kepolo mountain. Year 1911 Van Gogh and the north slopes through Heim and after 1945 generally is done via gradient ascent north through Ranupane and Ranu Kumbolo like this now.
6. Legend MOUNTAIN Semeru
According to the faith community that is written in the Java book 15 centuries old, on the island of Java when a float in the sea area, there dipermainkan-wave here. The gods decided to tack back to the way the Mount are in India to the top of the island of Java. The god Vishnu blossom into a giant tortoise tote mountain dipunggungnya, while the gods Brahma blossom into a long snake’s body on the mountain wind and the body of turtle mountain so that it can be transported safely. Deity-god is placed in the top of the mountain is the first part of the island that they found, namely in the western part of Java Island. But the weight of the mountain lead to the eastern tip of the island up to the top. Then they move to the eastern part of the island but still awry, so they decided to cut some of the mountain and placing it in the northwest. This fragment formed Pawitra Mountain, now known as Mount Pananggungan, and the major part of the Mount are, where the gods reside Shiwa, now known by the name of Mount Semeru. At the time of Sang Hyang Siwa to come to the island jawa millet seen many trees, so that the island is called Java. In Hindu belief there are on the Mount, the Mount are considered to be the home of the gods and as a means of the earth (man) and Kayangan. If people want to hear the voice of the god they must semedi are at the peak of Mt. Many people up to Java and Bali are now considered as the mountain-dwelling god or gods being smooth. Next mountainous areas are still used by the Javanese as a place of human semedi to hear the magical sound. According to the Bali Gunung Mahameru held as Mr. Gunung Agung in Bali and Bali respected by the community. The ritual offerings to the gods of Mount Mahameru conducted by the Bali. After the ceremony is only done once every 8-12 years old at the time people just accept the sound of unseen deity Mahameru Mt. People rise to the top Mahameru aims to hear magical sounds. In addition there is also requested that given the age of long-term. However the reason people ride to the top of Mahameru, most people ditakutkan by Mahkluk fine that inhabit the regions around gunungnya. Spirit is usually fine spirit ancestors who inhabit places such as forests, hills, trees and lakes.
Spirit ancestors usually aimed at keeping various places, and must be respected. The climber who stayed in the lake Ranu Kumbolo often see subtle Mahkluk watchman Ranu Kumbolo. Middle of the night have a light orange color in the middle danaunya and suddenly changed into existence sesosok ghost woman. Usually only people who have a mystical power he will see Mahkluk fine and can talk with Mahkluk Halus. The people believe in the Mahkluk Subtle or not, but many people believe that Java is the Bromo, Tengger, Semeru inhabited by many Mahkluk Halus.
Translation from http://www.bromotenggersemeru.com/pendakiankegnsemeru.php
